Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-3 (of 3 Records) |
Query Trace: Owusu-Edusei KJr[original query] |
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County-level social capital and bacterial sexually transmitted infections in the United States
Owusu-Edusei KJr , McClendon-Weary B , Bull L , Gift TL , Aral SO . Sex Transm Dis 2019 47 (3) 165-170 BACKGROUND: The association between county-level social capital indices (SCIs) and the three most commonly reported sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the United States is lacking. In this study, we determined and examined the association between two recently developed county-level SCIs (i.e., Penn State social capital index [PSSCI] vs. United States Congress social capital index [USCSCI]) and the three most commonly reported bacterial STIs (chlamydia, gonorrhea and syphilis) using spatial and non-spatial regression techniques. METHODS: We assembled and analyzed multi-year (2012-2016) cross-sectional data on STIs and two SCIs (PSSCI vs. USCSCI) on counties in all 48 contiguous states. We explored two non-spatial regression models (univariate and multiple generalized linear models) and three spatial regression models (spatial lag model, spatial error model and the spatial autoregressive moving average model) for comparison. RESULTS: Without exception, all the SCIs were negatively associated with all three STI morbidity. A one-unit increase in the SCIs were associated with at least 9% (p<0.001) decrease in each STI. Our test of the magnitude of the estimated associations indicated that the USCSCI was at least two-times higher than the estimates for the PSSCI for all STIs (highest p-value=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our results highlight the potential benefits of applying/incorporating social capital concepts to STI control and prevention efforts. In addition, our results suggest that for the purpose of planning, designing and implementing effective STI control and prevention interventions/programs, understanding the communities' associational life (as indicated by the factors/data used to develop the USCSCI) may be important. |
Investigating multiple reported bacterial sexually transmitted infection hot spot counties in the United States: Ordered spatial logistic regression
Owusu-Edusei KJr , Chang BA . Sex Transm Dis 2019 46 (12) 771-776 PURPOSE: To identify and examine the correlates of multiple bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) hot spot counties in the United States. METHODS: We assembled and analyzed five years (2008-2012) of cross-sectional STI morbidity data to identify multiple bacterial STI (chlamydia, gonorrhea and syphilis) hot spot counties using hot spot analysis. Then, we examined the association between the multi-STI-hotspots and select multi-year (2008-2012) sociodemographic factors (data obtained from the American Community Survey) using ordered spatial logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Of the 2,935 counties, the results indicated that 85 counties were hot spots for all three STIs [three-STI-hotspot counties], 177 were hot spots for two STIs [two-STI-hotspot counties], and 145 were hot spots for only one STI [one-STI-hotspot counties]. Approximately 93% (79/85) of the counties determined to be three-STI-hotspots were found in four Southern states--Mississippi (n=25), Arkansas (n=22), Louisiana (n=19), and Alabama (n=13). Counties determined to be two-STI-hotspots were found in seven Southern states--Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, North and South Carolina had at least 10 two-STI-hotspot counties each. The multi-STI-hotspot classes were significantly (p<0.05) associated with percent Black (non-Hispanic), percent Hispanics, percent American Indians, population density, male-female sex ratio, percent aged 25-44 and violent crime rate. CONCLUSION: This study provides information on multiple STI hot spot counties in the United States and the associated sociodemographic factors. Such information can be used to assist planning, designing and implementing effective integrated bacterial STI prevention and control programs/interventions. |
An illustration of the potential health and economic benefits of combating antibiotic-resistant gonorrhea
Chesson HW , Kirkcaldy RD , Gift TL , Owusu-Edusei KJr , Weinstock HS . Sex Transm Dis 2018 45 (4) 250-253 Preventing the emergence of ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae can potentially avert hundreds of millions of dollars in direct medical costs of gonorrhea and gonorrhea-attributable HIV infections. In the illustrative scenario we examined, emerging ceftriaxone resistance could lead to 1.2 million additional N. gonorrhoeae infections within 10 years, costing $378.2 million. |
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